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Pure-Water Flash Tank Sizing

Material mass flow M kg/h

Specific heat Cp kJ/(°C·kg)

Initial temp t₀ °C

Final temp t₁ °C

Liquid density ρL kg/m³

Secondary steam temp T °C

Upper bracket temp T' °C

Latent heat r' (at T') kJ/kg

Lower bracket temp T'' °C

Latent heat r'' (at T'') kJ/kg

Interpolated latent heat r kJ/kg r''+((r'−r'')/(T'−T''))·(T−T'')

Upper steam density ρg' kg/m³

Lower steam density ρg'' kg/m³

Interpolated steam density ρg kg/m³

Selected diameter D' m Custom selection

Residence time t min

Liquid volumetric flow VL m³/h

Self-evaporation M' kg/h M·Cp·(t₀−t₁)/r

Steam volumetric flow V m³/h M' / ρg

Allowable velocity u m/s 0.0512·((ρL−ρg)/ρg)^0.5

Calculated diameter D mm (V/(3600·0.785·u))^0.5·1000

Actual velocity ua m/s V/(3600·0.785·D'²)

Liquid height HL mm VL·t/(47.1·D'²)

Gas height HG mm If 0.1D<150: 150+1.2D, else 1.3D

Total height H mm HL + HG

※ Distillation pump NPSH ~ 1.8 m (reference)